- Congenital diseases
- Environmental factors
- Infections
Drugs and medications either taken by the mother while pregnant or by the child during the time of tooth development can cause changes in both the color and hardness of the enamel. Common causes of discolored teeth are:
- Antibiotic tetracycline use before age 8
- Eating or drinking items that temporarily stain the teeth, such as tea or coffee
- Genetic defects that affect the tooth enamel, such as dentinogenesis and
amelogenesis - High
fever at an age when teeth are forming - Poor
oral hygiene Porphyria - Severe neonatal jaundice
- Too much fluoride from environmental sources (natural high water fluoride levels) or overuse of fluoride rinses, toothpaste, and fluoride supplements